Pharmacological evaluation & phytochemical screening of seed extracts of kaliziri (Centratherum anthelminticum)

Abstract

The biologically active part of medicinal plants is usually used for therapeutic treatments or as a precursor in pharmacology. Aqueous, chloroform, ethanol, methanol and Hexane were used as a solvent to extract the essential oils of  kaliziri (Centratherum anthelminticum). Antimicrobial actity of the extracts were checked against four gram positive (Bacillus cereus, B. pumilus, B. safensis, Staphylococcus sp.) and 8 gram negative bacterial strains (Aeromonas sp., Pasteurella sp., Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sp., Proteus sp., Pseudosomonas sp., P. aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi) by agar well diffusion method. Phytochemical screening was  also performed. Results showed that highest (30 mm²) microbial zone of inhibition (MZI) observed in the extract of chloroform with Aeromonas sp. This followed by four strains, i.e., Bacillus cereus, B. pumilus, Proteus sp. and Salmonella typhi showed 28, 27, 25 and 24 mm² MZI, respectively except water extract. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of all solvent extracts varied with different bacterial strains. The range of MIC was 50 mg/mL to 500 mg/mL, where highest 500 mg/mL MIC of all extracts observed against Pseudosomonas sp. followed by 100-500 mg/mL MIC against Salmonella typhi. Presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, phytosterols, phenol, tannin, terpenoids and saponins confirmed by qualitative analysis. High solubility of tannins and terpenoids in chloroform demonstrated the effectiveness of metabolites against bacterial strains