Effects of nitrophos, nitrogen, and FYM on yield, nutrient uptake, and climate response of cotton genotypes in Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan

Abstract

Research on cotton in Pakistan has been remaining since from the time of past decades, resulting in the genetic enhancement and introduce various improved genotypes. However, the cotton seed yield and fiber quality remain quite low as compared with those of developed countries. An appropriate combination of chemical fertilizer and organic manure well selected based on the soil condition and according crops need and availability of resources not only enhancements the crop productions and quality but also maintain the fertility of soil, productivity and long term soil health conditions. Therefore, considering the beneficial effect of integrated and balanced fertilizer of nitrophos (NP) and individual application of nitrogen and farm yard manure (FYM), a field experiment was designed with the objectives to study the comparative impact on integrated application of nitrophos and single application of nitrogen and farm yard manure on cotton growth and seed yield and to evaluate the correlative performance of four different cotton genotypes. The treatments were design as T1: control (no fertilizer); T2: Single application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer, T3: nitrophos (NP) fertilizer and T4: Farm yard manure (FYM). About 4 cotton genotypes such as CRIS-683, CRIS-613, CRIS-543 and Cyto-545 were confirmed against the combined application NP fertilizer and individual application of fertilizer. The application of integrated NP fertilizer were increased the physiological traits of germination percentage, plant population, sympodial branches, monopodial branches, number of bolls plant^-1, plant height and seed cotton yield as compared to single application of nitrogen and FYM. Among the all genotypes, the CRIS-682 achieved better results by highest number of monopodial and sympodial branches, plant height, bolls plant^-1, seed cotton yield as compared to CRIS-543 and Cyto-545 however lowest results was obtained in CRIS-613